Washing machine



Sept. 8,

F. H. EHNTS WASHING MACHINE Filed March 23, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 mmmmwmm rll V INVENTOR.

[LA/' A TTORNEYS Sept. 8, 1925.

F. H. EHNTS WASHING MACHINE 3 Sheat-Sheot 5 000 b C CO000C000CCCOOO C 0000000000000 0 0 O 0 000000 s 000000 0 cooooe 0 000000 e o oeooi a F iled March 23, 1921 oo ooooLEm oooooel 0000000 9000000 0000000 0000000 000 0000 0000000 0000000 oaooooo ooooooo ooooooo INVENTOR.

' LV'V ATTORNEYS I Patented Sept. 8, 1925.

FREDERIC HENRY E HN'IS, F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIG NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE FIFTH AVENUE BANK OF A conrom'r'ron or NEW Yom'n NEW YORK,'OF NEW YORK, N. Y.',

WASHING MACHINE.

Application filed March 23, 1921, Serial No. 454,744.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Fnnonmc HENRY EHNTS, a citizen of the United States, re-

siding at Philadelphia, in the county of- Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Washing Machines, of which I the following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and useful mprovements in washing machines, and more partlcularly to machlnes for washlng,

\ dyeing or liquid-treating fabrics and similar Fig. 2;

material. 7

The invention consists 1n the improvements to be more fully described hereinafter,

and the novelty of which will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

I have fully and clearly illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings to be taken as a part of this specification, and wherein- Figure 1 is a view in end elevation of'a preferred embodiment of the invention, cerizain internal parts being shown in dotted mes; 4

Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1, certain internal parts being shown in dotted lines, and part of the casing or framework being broken away to expose a portion of such internal parts in full lines;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

F ig. 6 is a transverse section through a modified form of cylinder or receiver in which the material to be treated is placed;

Fig. 7 is a further modification of the cylinder in which the material to be treated is placed, and

Fig. 8 is a detail view of one of the elements of the invention.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference, 1' designates generally a framework consisting of corner standards 2 upon which the machine is supported, said standards being connected and braced by transverse tie members 4 at the sides of the machine, and similar tie members 3 at the ends of the machine whereby a rectangular framework isprovided. Supported by the said corner standards and transverse members 3 and 4:, is a receptacle 5, preferably rectangular in plan, and having vertical side and end walls 6, 7, and a curved bottom wall 8. In the embodiment illustrated, this receptacle is liquid tight,- and is adapted to contain the treating liquid.

Within the receptacle 5 is supported a receiver or container adapted to contain the material to be treated; In the preferred embodiment shown, thisreceiver consists of aperforated cylindrical drum or shell 9 ararranged to turn on a horizontal axis, and having its ends closed by means of imperforate circular heads 10. The shell 9 is provided with an opening 11 through which the stock or material to be treated is charged into, and discharged from, the receiver, said opening being provided with a suitable closure preferably consisting of arcuate doors 12, lunged, as at 13, at the longitudinal edges'of the opening 11, the curve of said closures preferably being such that when closed said closures constitute a continuation of the cylindrical shell of the receiver, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The doorsor closures 12 are held in closed position by any suitable form of latch 14. The

receiver is provided with suitable bearings whereby it may be revolved or turned upon its horizontal axis, and for this purpose one end or head 10 of the receiver is providedwith a bearing member 15 carrying a trunnion 16 removably seated and adapted to turn in a bearing socket 17 carried by a plate 18, rigidly connected, in any suitable mannor, to an end wall of the receptacle 5. The

bearing 17 is preferably open atits upper portion, as at 19, so as to permit ready removal of the trunnion 16 therefrom, when it is desired for any reason to remove the receiver from the receptacle. The opposite head of the receiver from that just described is provided with a bearing member 20, the same bein rigidly connected to the said head, and aving a central polyfaced socket 21 receiving a correspondingly formed polyfaced head 22 fixed upon a'horizontal driving shaft 23 mounted in a suitably packed bearing 24 in the end wall 6 of the receptacle 5. The bearing 24 is packed so as to prevent leakage of the liquid contents of the receptacle. Externally of the receptacle 6, theshaft 23 is enclosed within a casing 25 having a bearin 26 in which one end of said shaft turns, an .loosely mounted upon said shaft within said casing is a bevel gear 27,

the hub ofwhich is provided with a clutch element 28. Mounted on the shaft 23, adjaclutch element 28to lock the gear 27 to the shaft when said elements 28 and 29 are in engagement. The element 29 is provided with an annular groove 31 which is engaged by a yoke 32 operatively connected to a rockshaft 33 mounted in a suitable bearing '33 in the casing 25 upon the outer end of which rock-shaft 1S rigidly secured an operating lever 34, by means of which the clutch member 29 may be thrown into and out of engagement with the clutch member 28on the gear 27. Within the casing 25 is-a bevelled pinion 35 -meshing with the said gear 27 said pinion being fixed on the u per end 0 a transmission shaft36 mounte in a bearing-37 on the casing 25, and also in a bearing38 on a casing 39 mounted on the frame preferably adjacent the base thereof, said casings 25 and 39 bein" connected by a shaft casing 40 enclosing t e said shaft 36, as, clearly shown in F' 5. At its lower end.

the shaft 36 is geare to a shaft 43, as by a bevelled pinion 41 meshing with a bevelled pinion 42 within the casing 39 and fixed upon the driving shaft 43 driven from a suitable source of power, said shaft being preferably thearmature shaft of an electric motor 44 deriving currentfrom any desired source. By this arrangement it will be seen that the receiver will be revolved within the receptacle 6 whenever the motor is energized, and the clutch member 30 is in engagement with the clutch member 28 on thegear 27.

' The receptacle is adapted to contain. the

liquid with-which themateria'l in the receiver is to be treated, the liquid entering and receding from the receiver through the 5), adapted to be engaged,

perforations'in the cylindrical shell thereof. A movable diaphragm 45 is so mounted and operable that it'may be utilized to lift the contents of the receiver toward the'opening 11, so that such contents may be lifted v out of the liquid and moved into a osition adjacentthe said opening 11, where y they may be conveniently removed by the operator throu h said opening,-and also so as to turn over t amaterlal or stock being treated,

and deposit it in the liquid,..and, furtheriunder certain conditions, to ibe describe hereinafter, to squeeze liquid throngh said material. In the embodiment shown, this diaphragm consists of an arcuate' member 45, consisting preferably of a perforated casting ly shown in Fig.

sai member being substantially the same length as the interior of the receiver, as

shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and of a width approximately one-third of thecircumfei'ence of the receiver. The bearing plate or plates of perforated sheet metal, 7

members 15 and 20, heretoforedescribed, are

provided with extensions 15, 20 preferably integral therewith, lying on the outer faces of the heads 10 of the receiver and,

extending radially from said -bearing members to a point approximately the circumference of the receiver, as shown in full lines in Fig. 4, and in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 3. These extensions 15", 20, are secured rigidly to the heads 10, in any suitable manner, so as to rotate therewith. At "their outer ends the members 15, 20, are each provided with a bearing 46,-in which,bear- -5 v mgs are arranged-the ends'of a horizontally disposed rock-shaft '47 extending through the interior of the shell of the receiver and at .a point closelyadjacent' the inner face of said shell, as shown in Fig. 3. Upon this shaft 47 is rigidly mounted one end or edge portion of the diaphragm 45. This diaphragm (see Fig. 8) includes spaced sleeves 48 on the shaft 47 said sleeves being connected by a bar 49 integral therewith, and said sleeves being each provided with an arm 50, said arms. extending laterally from the shaft 47 and serving to support the per- 1 forated plateor plates forming the said diaphragm 45. The sleeves 48 are each secured to .the shaft 47 by a tapered pin 51extendingl through openings in the said sleeve an transverse openings means. The shaft 47 is so'located, andpthe diaphragm 45- is' so fixed thereon, that the in the shaft 47, as clear- 1 I 8, or by other suitable outer convex faceof the diaphragm'lies against the inner face of the shell of the re-' ceiver, as clearly shown in Fig. 3..

On the end of the shaft v driving mechanism, heretofore described, is

fixed one end 52 of a lever 53, the latter carrying on its outer end a laterally-pro j'ecting pin 54 upon. which is. 'rotatablymounted a bearing roller 55' (see Figs. 4'and' by means to be hereinafter described, to rock the shaft 47 to swing the -diaphragm '45 through the interior space of the receiver. 7

I will now describethe means for operating the lever 53. to swin the element 45 on its pivot 47. On the en wall 6 of the outer receptacle and inside the latter is 'arrang'eed and suppo'rteda cam bar 56 the, latter pivoted at one end on said la d jacent one vertical edge of the wall and.

47 adjacent the wall, as at 57, '1

preferably below the axis of rotation ofthe receiver, said bar extending upward from its pivot in an inclined direction and above the axis of rotation of the receiver; This bar 1s lunited downward move-- ment by means of a stop 58, against which the under side of the free end of the'cam bar is adapted to rest, said stop preferably consisting of a lug or projection fixed to the outer receptacle. The movement of the cam bar upward away from the stop 58 is yieldingly restrained by a cont-ractlle spring 59 (see Figs. 1 and 4), one end of which spring is suitably connected, as at 60, to the free end of the said cam bar, and the other end of said spring being anchored to a pin 61 fixed to the said end wall 6 at a point below the cam bar. The cam bar is provided on its under side with a bearing face which is preferably formed adjacent the pivot of said bar with a concave curved portion 62 merging into a convexly curved portion 63 at the central portion of said bar, which portion 63 merges into aconcave portion 64 at the outer or swinging end of the bar. The cam bar 56 and its pivot 57 are so located and arranged that the roller on the lever 53 will engage the cam face of the bar 56 inside said pivot after the free end of the element 45 has passed said pivot, thereby causing said element to be swung inwardly toward the axis of rotation, and thereby either throw the contents of the receiver toward the opposite side of the latter and down into the liquid, or squeeze said contents against said opposite side, provided the bulk of the contents is sufficient.

In order to prevent the diaphragm 45 from falling over when its free end passes 7 a vertical line passing throughthe pivot 47, and also to cause the diaphragm to moveoutward to its normal outer position adjacent the shell of the receiver, I, preferably, but not necessarily, provide a second cam bar 65, the same being fixed on the said end wall 6 at a point beneath the cam bar 56 inorder to provide a passage or space through which the roller 55 passes. The cam bar '65 is located for a major portion of its length with its bearing face substantially parallel to the bearing face of the bar 56, the initial end of this bar 65 being located short of the pivoted end of the bar 56 (as shown in Fig. 4), and the final end being turned away from said bar 56 and directed downwardly, as at 69. The arrangement is such that when the receiver is in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 3, and

. the receiver is revolved in a counter-clockwise direction, the roller 55 strikes adjacent the pivot 57 and rides against the bearing face of the cam bar 56 until the upper endof the element 45 approximates the vertical,

and then upon continued revolution of the receiver, the roller 55 strikes against the cam bar holding said diaphragm in its until the roller reaches the part 69, thereby causing the diaphragm 45 to resume its normal position against the inner wall of the receiver. Upon the continued revolution of the receiver, the operation just'described is repeated. During this revolution of the receiver the movement of the diaphragm 45 to and from the center of the receiver is automatically controlled by the variable cam 56 by virtue of the spring 59 which com-.

pensates for variations in load rupon said v diaphragm resulting from the amount of the material being treated in the receiver. It will be observed that rotation of the receiver 9 will result in tumbling and agitating of the stock and liquor therein effectually dislodging and removing the. dirt and forei matter from the,stock,,but this action is accelerated by the action of the diaphragm as described.

As shown in Figure 3, receiver with a flattened wall portion 70,

consisting of a perforated curved plate with center of curvature at 47 extending length- Wise of the cylinder from one head to the other, and having one edge portion located v adjacent the outer edge of the .diaphragm 45, and the other edge portion preferably abutting the cylinder adjacent one longitu dinal edge of the opening 11, said flattened portion-acting as a slide against which the movable diaphragm 45 operates, andserving to cause the contents of the receiver to bedeflected onto said diaphragm. The wall 70 also prevents the goods being treated from falling behind said diaphragm 45. The diaphragm 45, or other parts of the receiver, may be provided with ribs or bafie members 71 extending lengthwise thereof and parallel to each other and acting as supports to carry the material being treated along withthe member 45 when the latter is on the ascending side of the receiver. Instead of providing the separateelement 70, I may construct the receiver, as shown in Fig. 7, in which the same effect is produced by merely flattening one side portion of the cylinder,

a curve forming an are on a radius taken from the center of the pivot 47 of the diaphragm 45, so that the outer end of said diaphragm during the swinging movement of the latter closely approaches said element 70,-so that the goods being treated will not pass over the end of the diaphragm 45.

' Inaddition to the means for automatically swinging the diaphragm 45 on its pivot toward the center of the receiver, I also provide means for manually swinging or liftingas indicated at 7 0 The flattened wall porsaid diaphragm so that the latter may be employed to lift the material being treated out of the wash water or treating liquor and toward the opening 11, so that such material may be'conveniently reached when it is de- 85 I may'provide the tents of the receiver towards said opening and tohold it in position for convenient re inoval therethrough, the receiver having a curved portion approximately" concentric -with the mounting of said diaphragm and ly'jngadjacentthe swinging end thereof, I 2,,1na washing-machine, in combination, a receiver having a shell with an opening leading to an interior compartment for containing stock to be treated',.said receiver-he lever 74, by means of which the lifting bar vertical plane intersecting the roller 55, and

is rigidly connected to a manual operating 72-may be swung on its fulcrum. When the receiver is in substantially the positionshown in Figs. 1 and 3, the operator may, by properly swinging the hand lever 74, lift the lower end of the said lever 72 until the end portion thereof strikes the roller 55, and by continuing the swinging movement of said operating lever 74 the lever 72 may then be-caused to exert suflicient force upon the said roller 55 and lever 53 to lift the diaphragm 45 toward the opening to the receiver, for example, to the position shown at w in dotted lines in Figure 3. By this operationthe diaphragm 45 may be utilized as a lifting device to lift the goods or material .being treated out of the liquid to 'a position.

where such goods or material may be conveniently grasped by the operator to remove the same from the receiver. This will be found very convenient, inasmuch as the hands, of the operator do not have to be im'' ,mersed in the liquid in order to remove the contents of the receiver.

In the form shown in Fig. 6, the diaphragm constitutes a part of the outer shell of the receiver, filling a space therein. In this form, the free end of the said diaphra stops 76 I I is thereby held a ainst outwardmovement 'the fixed portion of the'shell, and

relative to the sh What I cl im and desire to secure by La ters Patent of theUnited States is 1. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a receiver in- I eluding a cylindrical dru'm having a freceivmg opening leading to an interior I compartment and being revolubly mound fed to agitate the contents of the receiver, I

zao swinging diaphragm mounted within {said receiver eccentrically to the receiver mounting and conforming in contour. .to thesides of the receiver and in one position lying closely adjacent' the inner surface (thereof, and manually operable means to move'said-diaphragm soas tolift the conin its outer position rests upon move said diaphra ceiver, conforming in contour .to said shell,

and in one position lying closely adjacent said shell remote from said opening, an means to move said lifting member to liftthe stock contained in the receiver toward said opening and to hold it in lifted position.

3. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a revoluble cylinder forming a receiver having a re- 'ceiving opening, a swinging lifting member mounted in said receiver, means to move said liftin member to lift the stock contained in the receiver toward said receiving opening and to support it in lifted position for convenient removal through the opening, and means for operating said lifting member to agitate said stock and to squeeze it against a wall ofthe receiver.

- 4. In a machme of the character described, 1n combmation, a recelver havmg a said opening and to en port it in position for convenient removal t erethrough.

5. In a washing machine, a receiver having an opening, a diaphragm pivoted within said receiver, a lever connected to said diaphragm and extending outside the receiver, and a manually operable lever cooperable with said first named lever to move said diaphragm to lift the contents of the receiver toward said opening. a h

6. In a washing machine, a revoluble receiver having an opening, a swinging diaphragm in said receiver, means cooperable with said diaphragm toautomaticall swing said diaphragm during revolution 0 the ,re-

ceiver, and manually o erable means to move'said diaphragm'to 1ft the contents of the receiver toward said opening.

'7. In a washing machine, a revoluble re-.

ceiver having. an opening,'a diaphragm pivoted within said receiver, a lever connected to said diaphragm'and extending outside the receiver, means cooperable with said lever to automatically swing said diaphragm alluring. manua y op'- revolution of the receiver, an erable means cooperable with said lever to to lift the'contents of the receiver towar said opening. I

8. In awashing machine, a revoluble receiver having 'anopening, a diaphragm pivoted ,within said receiver, a lever connected to saiddiaphragm and extendin outside the receiver, means including a yiel ing cam bar cooperable with said lever toautomatically' to, a swinging swing said diaphragm during revolution of the receiver, and manually operable means cooperable with said lever to move said diaphragm to lift the contents of the receiver. toward said opening.

9. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a receiver having a compartment for the reception of stock under treatment and a receiving opening leading thereto, a combined agitating and lift ing member within said compartment, means to agitate said stock by simultaneous oscillation of said member and movement of said receiver upon said supports, and means for independently operatin said 'member to lift said stock toward sai receiver openmg.

10. In a machine of the. character decribed, in combination, a revoluble drum roviding a receiver having a substantialy closed compartment for the reception of stock and a receiving opening leading thereto, a diaphragm mounted for swinging movement within said compartment, means external of said revoluble drum for operating said diaphragm to agitate said stock, and means external of said drum for op erating said diaphragm to lift said stock toward said opening and support it in com venient position for removal therethrough.

11. In a machine of the character described, in combination, a receptacle for a treating fluid, a drum 'revolubly mounted in said receptacle and providing a substantially and a receivin opening leadin thereiaphragm 'mounted within said compartment and conforming in contour tov the walls of said receiver and positioned to lie at one side of said compartment and means to move said diaphragm and lift said stock toward the receiver open ing and support it in position for convenient removal therethrough.

12. In a washing machine, in combination, a revoluble receiver having a compartment for the reception of stock and an opening leading thereto, a rock shaft extending longitudinally of said receiver, .a diaphragm rigidly mounted on said shaft and in one position lying substantially wholly at one side of said compartment and conforming in contour to the walls thereof, means for automatically rocking said shaft during revolution of the receiver, and manually oper able means independent of said firstmentioned means for locking said shaft.

. 13. In a washing machine, in combination, a'receiver having a compartment for the reception of stock and an opening leading thereto, a rock shaft extending longitudinally of the receiver, a diaphragm rigidly mounted on said rock shaft and in one position lying substantially wholly at one closed receiver having a compartment for the reception of stock mounted on said rock shaft, and manually operable means co-operating'with said lever to rock said shaft to swing said diaphragm to lift the contents of the receiver toward said opening.

14. In a washing machine, in combinetion, a revoluble receiver having a com artment for the reception of stock: an an opening leadin thereto," a rock shaft extending longitu inally of the receiver, a dia-' phragm rigidly mounted on said shaft and m one position lying substantially wholly at one side of said compartment and conforming in contour to the walls thereof, a lever rigidly mounted on said rock shaft, means for automatically rocking said shaft during revolution of the receiver, and manually operable means co-operating with said lever to swing said diaphragm to lift the contents of the receiver toward said open ing. v 4 r 15. In a washing machine, in combination, a revoluble receiver having a compartment for the reception of stock, co rising a shell and heads and having an opening leading thereto through said shell, a rock shaft extending longitudinally of the receiver and mounted in bearings in said heads, a diaphragm mounted on said shaft and in one position lying substantially wholly at one side of said compartment and conformin in contour to said shell, a lever on one on of said shaft, cam means adapted to be engaged by said lever during one pe-, riod of a revolution of said receiver to rock said shaft, and manually operable means c0- operating with said lever when out of enagement with said cam means for operatmg said diagram.

16. In a washing machin, i1i combinaphragm rigidly mounted on said rock shaft and in one position lying substantially whol-v ly at one side of said com artment and conforming in contour to sai shell, a leyer on one end of said rock shaft, a yielding cam bar adapted to be engaged by saidlever during one period of a revolution of said receiver to rock said diaphragm, and independent manually operable means co-operating with said lever to rock -sa1d d1a phragm. 17. In a washing machine, in combination', a revoluble receiver having a compart-ment for the reception of stock havmg a shell with heads and an opening leadin said compartment, a rock shaft mounte 1n bearings on said heads, a diaphragm mgidly mounted on'said shaft and in one po- 7 sition lying substantiall wholly at one slde of said compartment an conforming in con-' tour to said shell, a lever on one end of lever during one period of a revolution of said receiver to swing said diaphragm, a

said shaft, a' yielding cam bai' pivoted at one end and adapted to beengaged by said second cam co-o rating withsaid lever to ment for the reception of stock and an openswing said diap agm in an op ite direction, and independently opera le means co-o diap ragm. 3

. 18. Infa' washing machine, in combination, a revoluble receiver having-a comparterating with said lever to swing said ingleading thereto, a rock shaft mounted in the receiver, a diaphragm mounted on said rock; shaft, a lever mounted on said shaft, a yielding'cam member for en 'ng with said lever to. move said diap ragm p for agitatingand'squeezing' said stock, and

a rigidly mounted cam memberadjacent 'said first mentioned cam member .for co- I dperating with said lever to return said .diaphrlagm to original position.

I J 'ch1ne of the character dein combination, a receiver including a-revolubly mounted drum having a com partment for thereeeption of stock, a swing- "ingdi'aphragm mounted within said comartment eceentricallyto the drummount andxadapted for agitating said stock,

and theinner, surface of said drum adjacent the free end of the diaphragm being formed liel closely adjacent thereto throughout its travel so to prevent the" free edge of said diaphragm from injuring said stockand to prevent the diaphragm from being obstructed -in itslmovement by.

the stock.

20. In a washing machine, in' combination, a receiver for stock having a shell andend heads, bearings for'the receiver on said heads having laterally extending arms, and

means-mounted V111 said arms for agitating said stock.

21'. In a Washing machine, a receiver l having an opening, a swinging diaphragm in said receiver-conforming in contoun the shell of the receiver and in 'one posi-j tion' located closely adjacent the inner sur-.

face-of said shell, andtmanually operable means-to move said diaphragm to lift the said wall taken on of said diaphra L 22. In a wasl ling machine, a receiver, a 'swmging diaphragm in the rece1ver,'f1n eans for' swinging said diaphragm, said receiver having a 'wall portion adjacent the swinging end of the diaphra being curved on a radlus taken' on t eicen- .ter of swinging movement of said diaphra , said wall portion In "testimony "whereof If have hereuntoig signedmyname.

FnnnEnic 

